khufu pyramid

khufu pyramid

Egypt tourism_Khufu Pyramid1

 Khufu (2589-2566 BC) was the 4th Dynasty ( 2613-2498 ) pharaoh who built the Great Pyramid of Giza. Originally, the Great Pyramid was 481 feet ( 146.6 m ) high. Although commonly known as Cheops (also Suphis ) due to the end of the Greek influence on Egypt , the name of Cheops is the ancient Egyptian name for the original king as demonstrated by its own cartridge . He ruled for about 24 years.
Khufu was the son of another great pyramid builder , King Sneferu . The name of the mother of Khufu was Hetepheres .
Only a small 3 inches tall statue of Cheops is seated on a throne as king of the track and is now in the Egyptian Museum
It does not seem to be a record of a king to intervene between him and his father Snefru although records show the third in line to the throne . Like his father, Khufu probably reigned for 23or 24 years, and he also seems to have had military expeditions to the Sinai Peninsula . Rock inscriptions in Wadi Maghara record the presence of its troops , probably in order to keep the Bedouin in the control and operation of the turquoise deposits there. A small inscription on a rock on Elephantine Island in Aswan said the King had an interest in this area very red granite quarries .
Around the Pyramid

The Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu and the Pyramid of Cheops ) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis , Egypt. It is the oldest of the seven wonders of the ancient world , and the only one to remain largely intact. It is believed the pyramid was built as a tomb for fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops in Greek) and constructed over a 20 year period concluding around 2560 BC.The Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for more 3800 years. There have been various scientific and technical alternatives for the construction of the Great Pyramid theories. Assumptions of the most accepted building are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place.
When you get out of the pyramid, you can see the remains of the original wall that is on the north side and east. It is about 10m from the base of the pyramid . Little remains of the Mortuary Temple of Khufu . What remains is the basalt paving and is located near the east side of the wall. You can also see occasional traces of the road that leads from the valley temple in the village, Nazlat al- Samman, at the foot of the plateau. This floor has collapsed over the past 150 years. Three small pyramids stand east of the pyramid of Cheops. These are considered to have been his sister, Merites , who was also his wife, and perhaps two other queens.
To the west of the Great Pyramid is the royal cemetery. It contains 15 mastabas which have recently been opened to the public after being closed for more than 100 years . This site was discovered the mummy of a woman 4600 years. She had a completely unique coating of plaster that has never been seen or found anywhere else .
At the base of the south face of the Great Pyramid is the Pit boats and museum. The five boat pits were discovered in 1982. A boat is on site and can be seen at the museum. The boat, which is enclosed in the stones , has no nails . It was held together with string and stakes, but not nails, and is surprisingly intact. The purpose of these boats may have been intended for use in the afterlife or to accompany the sun-god in his journey.

Boat pit near the Great Pyramid, Giza

Solar Boat Museum at Giza

Herodotus believed that Khufu put its citizens into slavery and hard work to build the pyramid because it was the norm in the world at that time . Evidence today , however , shows that the Great Pyramid was built by paid workers who have worked on their own and were paid for their work.
To date, it is still not known how the Great Pyramid was built . Records of the registration of priests that took 10 years to build the dam of the valley temple to and20years mortuary temples to build the pyramid itself with all costs being close to € 100 million today's prices.
Theories on how it was built range from the use of a long ramp that extends into the desert constantly extended and strengthened the pyramid ascended a ramp that wraps around the face after each pyramid during upward as it was built . Both are impassable. Herodotus says that the structure was built as a series of terraces , raising blocks on all four sides at the same time with the use of wooden tools. This method has been tested by the late Peter Hodges, a contractor, using short lengths of wood with a metal foot - floor, and it appeared to be more convenient than other theories.
The internal layout indicates that there were at least two changes during construction. Initially, it was determined that the burial chamber was deep beneath the surface of the plate . This has been modified to include a small room, now incomplete and incorrectly known as the House and 50 feet of the Queen above the plateau. The final construction incorporated the Grand Hall , 28ft high and topped by a cantilevered roof , leading up to a horizontal passage that enters the king's chamber at the heart of the pyramid. A large granite sarcophagus , carved from a single block of Aswan granite was placed in the room. This must have been placed in front of the room was covered because it is an inch too wide for the corridor.

Burial chamber

The exterior of the pyramid was encased in a bright white limestone , placed on top to bottom. The site was stolen during the construction of medieval Cairo in the middle ages . Limestone has all but disappeared from the pyramid and the soil of black basalt is the mortuary temple and the temples disappeared under the Arab village , although parts of it were seen in 1991when a new treatment system has was asked.
Mainly on the west side of the pyramid were the tombs of courtiers who hoped to serve their king in death as they had in life. There are 3 small graves on the east side for the queens of Cheops . Two major discoveries relating to Khufu was found . In 1925the tomb of his mother , Queen Hetepheres was found on the east side of the pyramid and the second was a wooden boat discovered intact in 1954 near the south side.
During excavation work in May 1954 , Kamal el- Mallakh found a series of 41large blocking stones , each weighing an average of 18 tons. The pit these stones revealed a long boat of cedar . Too long for the pit vessel was carefully dismantled in 650parts including 1224pieces . After several years of restoration by Hag Ahmed Youssef Moustafa in March 1982, the ship was presented in a specially designed museum covering the hole where the boat had been lying for 4500 years . The ship or bark as they were called was built to navigate the king in the afterlife .